Digital Product Passports for batteries and the products that follow.
The EU Battery Regulation requires a Digital Product Passport for many batteries from 18 February 2027, and the Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation (ESPR) extends passports to further product groups. We build the data flows behind them and run our own passport platform, Passportlab.
Rules last checked:
Which batteries need a passport
Under Article 77 of the Battery Regulation (EU) 2023/1542, these batteries need a battery passport when they are placed on the EU market from 18 February 2027:
- Electric vehicle batteries
- Light means of transport batteries, for example for e-bikes and e-scooters
- Industrial batteries with a capacity above 2 kWh
The passport is reached through a QR code on the battery and contains the information listed in Annex XIII, from materials and carbon footprint to performance and recycling. The economic operator that places the battery on the market is responsible for it, and that includes importers.
ESPR: the next product groups
ESPR (EU) 2024/1781 came into force in July 2024. It sets passport requirements product group by product group through delegated acts. Textiles, furniture, tyres, mattresses, iron and steel, and aluminium are among the first groups in the European Commission’s working plan. Each delegated act sets its own data requirements and deadlines.
What makes it hard
The data rarely sits with the company that has to publish the passport. It comes from suppliers, often outside the EU, in spreadsheets and PDFs. A passport also has to stay available for years after the product is sold, and it must be machine-readable and verifiable.
What we build
- Collecting supplier data and validating it against the regulation’s data requirements
- Generating passports with GS1 Digital Link QR codes
- Signing passports as W3C Verifiable Credentials, so anyone can check they are genuine
- Connecting passports to your PIM, ERP or shop
- Long-term hosting in Germany
Frequently asked questions
When do battery passports become mandatory?
On 18 February 2027, for EV batteries, light means of transport batteries and industrial batteries above 2 kWh placed on the EU market.
Who is responsible for the passport?
The economic operator that places the battery on the market, for example the manufacturer or the importer. It can have a service provider create the passport, but stays responsible for its content.
What data goes into a battery passport?
The information in Annex XIII of the Battery Regulation: general information about the battery and its manufacturer, materials and composition, carbon footprint, performance and durability, and information on dismantling and recycling. Part of it is public, part is only available to authorities and recyclers.
Which other products will need a Digital Product Passport?
Under ESPR, product groups are added one by one through delegated acts. Textiles, furniture, tyres, mattresses, iron and steel, and aluminium are among the first in the Commission’s working plan. The exact dates follow from each delegated act.
How is a passport accessed?
Through a data carrier on the product, usually a QR code. With GS1 Digital Link, the same code can serve retail and the passport.
This page summarises the rules as of the date above. It is not legal advice.
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